Classical Civilizations

 

Classical Civilizations

By Ruth Ramos

The period of the Classical Civilizations was predicted to have lasted from the 8th century BCE to the 6th century BC. In this blog, we will explore the times after the Mycenaen Greece and dive into the Classical Greece and Roman period.

Greek Temples:  Because of the Mycenaen traditions, temples were designed for worshipping gods, hosting rituals, sacrifices, and festivals. The time of the development of the Greek temple was a time of forging a common identity while keeping the essence of a city. It was not only a religious site, but a sign of identity. The Greek temples consist of a central hall, the pranaos (at the entrance), and the epistohondomod (at thr rear). In an attempt to make the temple seem bigger, columns were introduced into the space and remain very prominent figures now. 

Pottery: Greek culture had very extensive pottery-making industry. Some of the things they would make included amphorae (large storage jars), kraters (mixing bowls), kylixes (drinking cups), and more. They would often decorate their clay pots and vases with pictures; something we can participate in this day and age. For this time period, pottery was crucial because of its affforability and its longevity.

Kilsmos Chair: A signature piece of Greek furniture. The chair typically had splayed or curved legs for stability, a cushion for comfort, and a curved seat to imitate a person's physical contour. 

Arch- Rome: The exploration of shapes and forms combined with concrete led to the introduction of arches into Roman civilization. It allowed for far more complex forms than in previous societies. To this day, the arch is still applied to all structures such as bridges, buildings, public areas, etc. All of this is due to the Roman architecture of that day. 

Patheon: During the reign of Emperor Hadrian, he recreated a masterpiece that is still breathtaking to this day. The original creator was Marcus Agrippa around 27 BCE, however, the original had to be rebuilt because of a fire. The Patheon highlights the Roman emphasis on detailed interiors with geometric shapes and rich materials along with the incorporation of arches.

Favorite architecture from this time period: The Greek Pottery

Personally some of my favorite pieces due to the capacity and complexity of design on the vases. I admire the longevity of the clay and how well-kept they are to this day.

The Patheon is extraordinary in its intricate designs and just beauty. Who is signing up to go??

Again, who is signing up to go visit the Colosseum? The history is so rich and seeing it with your own eyes must be thrilling.

Favorite architecture from the present:

This monument from Washington DC has the same pillar-like structure and columns developed in the classical Greek period.

There is a Greek revival happening across the country. Such as the Francis M. Dimond House along with many others.

Of course, we have the Union Station resembling the Roman arches and detailed spaces.

One Step Further:

Apollodorus of Damascus

An architect and engineer from Roman Syria known for his innovative work including the dome, the construction of the column of Trajan, and the Forum of Trajan. He worked during the time of the emperor Trajan having designed some of the most imperious buildings of the time.